1. ??????????? ???????????
??????????? ????????????, ??? ???? ?????? ? ????? ??????????? ???????? ???????????, ???? ???????? ????? ????????????: ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????? (0 ?, ???????, - 273.15 ℃) ????? ? ?????? ????????? ??????????? ???????????, ????? ????????????????? ???? ? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????????? ? ????? ????:
??????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ? ???????? ???????? ????? `???????? ??????? ???, ????? ????????????, 0,8 ??-?? 50μm, ???? ????? ????? ?, ??? ???????? ??????? (0,4 ???? 0,8 ??).

????????, ??? ? ????????????????????? ????? ??????????? ?? ??????????? ?????:

λ = C / F, ????? C- ? ?????? ???????????? ? 3.0 × 108 ? / ? ?? λ ????? ?????????????:
??????. ???????? ?????? ????????????????? ??????????? 4x1014hz ~ 8x1014hz- ? ????? ?:


2-?: ??????????? ??????????? - ???????????? ????????
?????? ??????, ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????????, ??????? ?? ??????????? ??????????? ??? ????, ???????? ????? ???? ???????????? ??????????? ???????????:
????? ?????, ????? ????? ????????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ? ???????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????????:
??????? - ????, ????? - ???? ?? ????? - ????? ?????????? ?????????, ???????? ???????????? ???????????? ???????????????? 0,7 ~ 5 ???? ?? 8 ~ 14μm ??.
???????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????? - ????? ??????????? ????????? 8 ~ 14μm ?:



3. ??????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????.
① ??????????? ??????????. ??????????? ???????????? ? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????????????? ?????:
② ??????????? ???????????? ????????. ??????????? ???????????? ? ??????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????????? ???????????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ???????????? ???????????? ??????????? ?????:
③ ???????????? ???????????. ??????????? ???????????? ?? ?????????? ???????????? ??????? ?????:
④ Display ????????? ????????. ??????????? ???????????? ? ?????????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????, ????? ???????? ???????? ?????????:
⑤ ??????????. ??????? ???????????? ? ??????????? ????????? ???????? ?????, ??????????? ???????????? ????????????? ??????????? ?????:

4. ???????????? ??? (NIR)
?????? - ??????????? (NIR) Band (0.8 ??? ~ 1μm) ??????? ? ???????? ????? ???? ??????, ???????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????????, ?? NIR ?????????????? ?????????? ? ??????? ????????? ????????? ???????????????, ??? ???????? ????? ???????????.?
???????? ?????? ????, ??? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ?, ?????? ?? ??????????, ????? ???? ??????? ??? NIR ???????????, ??????????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????.
???????.?
???? CMOS ?????????? ??????????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????????? - ??????????? ???????????, ??????????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ???????, ????? ?? ??????????? ????????? ???????????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ?????????:?
??? - ???????????? ????????? ? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ???, ??????? ????????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ????????????;


4. ???? ???????? ??????????? (Swir)?
???? ????? ??????????? (Swir) ???? ? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ? ?????????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???????????????? ??????????? ?????.?
Water ?? ????????, ????????? ?? ??????????? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ?? Swir ?????????? ?????.?
Swir- ? ???? ??????????????? ???? ??????????? ?????? ?? ??????????;?
??? ?????? ????? ?? ????????????, ?????? ????????????, 500-?? 3000 ??????? ???????????: ?????? ???????????? 500 ~ 3000-? ???????????? ?.?
???????.?
????? ? ??????????? ??????????? ???????? ???, ????????? ???????;?
????? ? ??????????? ??????????? ??????????? ???????? `????????, ??????????? ?? ????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????.?
??????????? ??????????????? ????????????? ???????????? ?? ???????? ??????????????.?
????? ? ??????????? ???????? ????????:


5. Mid ????? ??????????? (Mwir)?
????????????????.?
High sensitivity and resolution: Cooled detector with low noise, thermal sensitivity (NETD) <20mK, and excellent detail resolution;?
Strong atmospheric penetration: MWIR has high transmittance in specific atmospheric windows (e.g., 3-5 μm), and is suitable for long-distance observation because it is less affected by interference from fog, smoke and soot.
???? - ??????? ?????? ?????????????. ????????? LWIR- ? ???, Mid- ? ??? ????? ????? ??? ? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????????, ???? ??????????????? ? ????? ???? ????????? ????? ?????? ? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ????????????:
???? ??????? ???????. ?????? ? ?????? ?????, ?????? ?? ???? ???????????? ????????? ???????? ?????:
???? ??????????? ????????. ???????? ????????? ???? ??????????? ????????? ????? ? ??????? 100HZ ????? ???????? ???????????:

??????????????.?
????? ?????????????? ?? ???????. ???????? ???????????? ???? ? ?????????? ????????? ????, ???? ????????????, ????????? ????? ????????, ???? ????????? 5 - 10 ????? ??? ???????? ???????? ????????????? ????????? 10 ?????:
????? ???? ?? ???????????????? ???????. ???????????? ????????? ?????????? ? ????????? ???????????????, ????????? ????????????? ?? ???????? - ???????? ??????? ? ?????????:
????????????? ????????????????. ???????? ??????????? ???????????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???????? ???????????? ??????????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???????, ??? ?????? ????????????:
???? ??????????. ????????? ????? ??? ?????? ????????? (??????, ??? 10,000 ??? ????????? ????????????? ?????) ?? ????????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ??? ??????????, ?????????? ????????????? ???????:

???????.?
??????????? ???????????, ???? ????????????, ?????? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ??????????? ?????.?
????????? ????????????, ?????? ??????????? ??????? ?? ???????? (IRST):


6. ????? ????? ??????????? (LWIR)?
????????????????.?
???????????? ????? ???, ???? ???. ????????? ? ???????????? ????? ?????????????????, ??????????????? ???? ???????????, ???? ????, ????? ????:
???????? ??????????? ?????? ??????????. ??????????? ???????????? ???? ???????? (- 40 ° C ~ 85 ° C), ?? ??????? - ???????? ???????, ??????? ? ?????????? ???? ?????, ??????? - ?????????, ?????? ? ????? ??? ???? ??????????? ?????:
???????????????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?????. ???????????????? ???????? ????? ? ????? ???????? ????, ????? 1W ??? ????? (??????, ??????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ????????????? ????), ???????????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????:
?????? - ??????? ????????????????. ???? ?? ????????? ?????????????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ????????????? ????? ???????????? (???? ????? ????? ?, ??? MWIR), ?????? ? ????????? ??????????? ??? ??????? ?????:

??????????????.?
Low sensitivity: usually 30~50mK, lower than cooling type (<20mK), weak detail resolution, easy to overexpose high-temperature targets (need dynamic range adjustment).
Slow response speed: frame rate is usually ≤60Hz, not suitable for ultra-high-speed dynamic scenes (such as ballistic tracking).
?????? ????????? ??????? ?????????????. ???? ????? ????? ???????????? ?????????? ???????????? (??????, ????, ?????? ??????????), ?????? ??? ????? ??????????? ????????? ??????????:
????????????? ????????? ????? ????????????????????. ???????????? ???????? (??? ???????, Co? ??????? ???????????) ?????????? ? ????????? ??????????? - ????? ????????? ????? ???????????????????? (> 1 ??):

???????.?
????????????. ??????? ???????? ??????, ?????????? ??????????????? ??????, ???????????? ???????? ????????????? ???????? - In, ???????? ???????????? ??????, ????? ???????????, ???? ????????, ????????? ??????? ?? ??????????????:
??????????. ???? - ????????? ????????? ??????????? ????, ???? - ?????? ???????????? ??????????????: