1. ????? ?????? ????
????? ?????? ????, ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????, ?? ????? ????? ????. ?????? ??? ???? ????? (0 K, ????? - 273.15 ℃) ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????, ???????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? ??????.
??????? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ???? ????????, ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? 0.8 ???????? ?- 50 ????????, ???? ???? ????????? ????? ???? (0.4 ???????? ?? 0.8 ????????).

?? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?????

λ = c/f, ???? C ??? ?????? ???? 3.0 × 108 ? '/?' ?- λ ??? ???? ???.
??????: ?????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? 4x1014Hz ~ 8x1014Hz.


2. ????? ?????? ???? - ???? ????????
????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ????, ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????.
??????, ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???? "???? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ????".
??? - ??? ????, ?????? - ?? ????? - ?????? ????????? ??, ??????? ??????????? ???????? ?? 0.7 ~ 2.5 ????????, 3 ~ 5 ???????? ? 8 ~ 14 ???????? ??????;
????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? 8 ~ 14 ????????.



3. ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ????:
①. ???? ?????? ????: ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ?????.
②. ????? ???? ?????? ????: ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????.
③. ?????? ??????????: ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????.
④. ???? ?????: ???? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????.
⑤. ?????: ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????.

4 ??? ?????? ???? (NIR)
????? ?????? - ?????? ???? (NIR) (0.8 ???????? ~ 1 ????????) ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????, ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????, ??????? NIR ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????;?
??? ??? ????, ??? NIR ?? ???? ????? ??, ?? ???????? ???? ????? ??????? NIR ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???;
???????:?
??????, ?????? CMOS ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? - ?????? ????, ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????, ??? ????? ?????, ????? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ?????, ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ????;?
???? - ?????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????????, ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???????;


4. ?? ??? ?????? ???? (SWIR)?
?????? ???? ?? ?? ??? (SWIR) ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????;?
??? ???, ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? SWIR;?
?- SWIR ?? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????;?
???? ???? ?????? ????, ???? ????????? ???????? ???? ??? 500 ?- 3000 ????? ??????. ????????? ????????? ??? ??? 500 ~ 3000 ℃;?
???????:?
???? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???, ???? ?????;?
???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????, ????? ????? ?????;?
????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????????;?
???? ?????? ???? ?????.


5. ???? ?? ?????? ???? (mwir)?
???????:?
High sensitivity and resolution: Cooled detector with low noise, thermal sensitivity (NETD) <20mK, and excellent detail resolution;?
Strong atmospheric penetration: MWIR has high transmittance in specific atmospheric windows (e.g., 3-5 μm), and is suitable for long-distance observation because it is less affected by interference from fog, smoke and soot.
?????? ???? - ????: ??????? ?- LWIR, ???? - ??? ????? ???? ???????? ??? ????, ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?? "???? ??? ?????".
???? ????? ???: ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ??????.
??? ????? ????: ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ???, ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? 100 ???.

???????:?
?????? ????????? ?????: ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????, ???? ?????, ?????? ?????? ??????, ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? 5 ??? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????.
???? ???? ?????? ????: ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????, ?????? ?????, ?????? ??? ????? ???? - ?????? - ????? (???? ??? ??? ????), ?? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????.
?????? ????????: ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????.
?????? ??????: ??'????? ?? ???? ????? (????, ? 10,000 ???? ???? ?'??? ????????) ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????, ?? ?????? ?? ???? ??????.

???????:?
?????? ?????, ????? ??, ????? ?????? ?????? ?????;?
?????? ?????, ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? (IRST).


6. ?????? ???? ?? ???? (LWIR)?
???????:?
??? ???? ??????, ???? ?????: ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?????, ???? ???? ????, ???? ???, ???? ??, ???? ???? ??? ???.
???? ?????? ?????? ??????: ????? ??? ?? ???????? ?????? (- 40 ° C ~+85 ° C), ??? ??? ????? ?????, ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????, ??? - ????, ????? ??????? ??? ?? ????.
????? ???? ????? ????? ??????: ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??? 1W ?? ???? (???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????), ??? ???? ?? 100,000 ????, ?????? ?????? ?????? ????.
?? - ????? ??? ?????: ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ?????, ????? ???? ????? ???? ???? (?? ??? ???? ?- MWIR), ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????.

???????:?
Low sensitivity: usually 30~50mK, lower than cooling type (<20mK), weak detail resolution, easy to overexpose high-temperature targets (need dynamic range adjustment).
Slow response speed: frame rate is usually ≤60Hz, not suitable for ultra-high-speed dynamic scenes (such as ballistic tracking).
?????? ?????? ?? ??????: ?????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? (??? ???, ??????? ??????), ??? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????.
??????? ??????? ??????? ??????: ????? ????????? (??? ???, ?????? ????? ?? CO?) ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?? ????? - ??????? ?????? (> 1 ?"?), ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??????.

???????:?
?????: ????? ????? ?????, ????? ???? ?????, ??? ????? ????? ????????? - IN, ????? ???????? ??????, ?????? ????, ????? ??? ????, ????? ????? ?? ????? ??.
???: ??? - ????? ????? ???? ????, ???? ???? ???? ???? -