1 ?????????? ??????
?????????? ??????, ??? ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?, ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? (0 ??, ???? ??, - 273.15 ℃) ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ? ? ?? naked ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??
???????????? ???? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ?, ????????????? ??0.8μm0m0μm ????, ??? ????? ?????????? ????? ???? ? (0.4μμmm 0.8μM).

????? ?? ???? and ?? ? ?????????????? ??? ?? ??????? ??

λ = c / f, ???? c × 108 ???? ? λ ?? ??? ???
???????? ????: ????? ???????? ???????????? ???? 4x1014hz ~ 8x1014hz ????? ??????


2 ?????????? ?????? - ??????????? ??????
???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ???????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???????, ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????
?? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ??? ??? "???????? ?????? ?????????? ??????" ???????
In the short-wave, medium-wave and long-wave spectral bands, the main atmospheric Windows are 0.7~2.5μm, 3~5μm and 8~14μm respectively;
?? Uncoolded ???? ??????? - ???? ?????????? ?????????? ~ ~ 1μμm ???



? ???????? ????? ???? ????:
① ?????????? ?????: ????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ???? ? ????? ????????? ??????
② ???????? ???????????? ???: ???????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??
③ ???????????? ?????????????: ???????? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????
④ ???????? ??????????: ????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???????
⑤ ????????: ???????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??

?
????? - ?????????? (NIRE) ??????? (0.8μM ~ 1μM) ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?, ? ??? ????????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????;?
?????? ?????? ?????, NIR ?????? ??? ???????????? ?, ??????? ???? Nir Senkers ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????????? ???;
????????????:?
????, CMOS ??????????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? - ???????? ???????, ??????? ?????? ???????? ???, ????? ?????? ????? ????? ? ????? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ??????????;?
????? - ?????????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????, ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????????? ??????;


Strage ???? ???? ??????? (?????)?
???? ???? ??????? (?????) ?????? ???????? ???? ? ? ???????????? ???? ????? ????? ? ?????? ? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?????? ???????????? ???? ??????;?
???? ???, ????, ? ???? ?????????? ???? ???????? ???? ?????? ????????? ????;?
????????? ????? ? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ?;?
???? ?????? ????? ????? ??????, ??????? ?????? 50000 ???? 000000 ?????? ???????????? ??????? ?????? 50000 ~ 000000 ?? ????? ?;?
????????????:?
?????, ??? ? ????????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ??????;?
????????, ???????? ? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???? ??????;?
?????? ????????????????????????? ????????? ????? ????? ? ?????? ????????;?
????? ????????? ?????? ???? ???????


??
???:?
High sensitivity and resolution: Cooled detector with low noise, thermal sensitivity (NETD) <20mK, and excellent detail resolution;?
Strong atmospheric penetration: MWIR has high transmittance in specific atmospheric windows (e.g., 3-5 μm), and is suitable for long-distance observation because it is less affected by interference from fog, smoke and soot.
??????? ????? ?????? ?????????: LWIR ?? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????????????? ?? ???????? ????? ? "????? ??? ? ?????" ?????? ??????
??????? ?????? ?????: ???? ???? ? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????????
????? ??????????? ???: ???? ??????????? ????? ??? ????? ????????, 100Hz ???? ????? ?? ???? ??????

???????:?
???? ????????? ? ????????: ????? ???????????, ???? ??????, ???? ??????, ???? ????? ????, ????? ?????????? - 10 ???? ??? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ????
???? ???? ? ????? ???: ????????? ????????? ???? ????????????????? ?????? ?????, ? ???????? - ??????? ??? - ?? ????? ???????? ???? ????????? ????????
?????????? ??????????: ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ???? ? ?????? ?????????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????
???? ??????: ???????? ?? ??????? (???????? ???? 10,000 ????? ?????) ?? ???? ???????? ???? 10,000 ?????) ? ?????? ????? ?? ??????????? ?????? ?, ????????? ????????

????????????:?
????? ?????, ????? ????? ?????, ????????? ? ???? ??? ??????;?
?????? ???????, ????????????? ??? ? ?????????? (?????????)?


??
???:?
????? ?? ???????? ???, ?? ????: ????? ?????, ??? ????? ??????, ???? ????, ????? ???, ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ???????
????????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????: ???????? ?????? (- - - 40 ° c + - - ° c), ???? ???, ????? ?? ???? ????????? ???? ??????? ??
?? ????? ??? ? ???? ????: ???? ??? 1w ?? ?? (e.g. ??? ??? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? (E.G. 10,00,000 ????? ????, ???? ?? ????? ?????
??? - ???? ??????: ??? ? ??? ????????? ???????? ???, ??????? ? ???????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? (?WIR ????? ?????), ????? ?????? ?? ???? ? ???????? ?????

???????:?
Low sensitivity: usually 30~50mK, lower than cooling type (<20mK), weak detail resolution, easy to overexpose high-temperature targets (need dynamic range adjustment).
Slow response speed: frame rate is usually ≤60Hz, not suitable for ultra-high-speed dynamic scenes (such as ballistic tracking).
??????? ?????? ?????? ?????????: ??? ??????? ???? ?????????????? ????????? (????? ????, ????? ??????????), ????? ?? ???? ???????? ????????? ???????
???? ?????? ??????????? ????????: ??????????? ???? (???? ?????????, ?? - - whichrage ????? ???? ? - ???? ?????? ?????? ? ?? ????? - ???? - ???? ??

????????????:?
????????: ????? ?????????? ???????, ??????????? ????? ????????, ?????????? ????? ??????? ???? ??, ???????? ?????? ???? - ???????? ???????, ????? ????? ?????, ?????????? ???? ? ?????? ??????
?????: ????? - ???????? ???? ????? ?????, ?? - ???? ??????? ??????