1. ??????????? ???????????
??????????? ???????????, ??????????? ????? ??????????? ??????? ????????????????, ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????????. ????????? ??????????????? ???? ???? ????????? (0 K, ??????, - ??273.15 ℃) ????????? ??????????? ???????? ???????? ????????, ???? ????????? ?????????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ?????????.
??????????? ??? ??????????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????????????? ?????? ????????????, 0.8μm ????? 50μm ???????? ??????????????, ??? ?????????? ????????? ??? ???????? (0.4μm ????? 0.8μm ???).

???? ???????? ??????? ????????? ????????????? ???? ????????

λ = c/f, ????? c ?????? ??????? ????? 3.0 × 108 ??/?? ??????? λ ?????? ????????.
????????????????: ?????????? ??????? ????????? ?????? 4x1014Hz ~ 8x1014Hz ???? ??????? ??????.


2. ??????????? ??????????? - ???????? ??????
???????? ???????????? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ????????????? ????????????? ???????, ??? ?????????????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????? ??????????????????.
????????, ???? ??????????????? ????? ????? "??????????? ??????????? ???????? ??????" ????? ????????????????.
??????? - ???, ??????? - ??? ??????? ????? - ??? ??????? ????????, ??????? ???????? ????????? ?????? 0.7 ~ 2.5μm, 3 ~ 5μm ??????? 8 ~ 14μm;
??????????? ????? - ??? ??????????? ?????????????????? ????????? ????????? 8 ~ 14μm ?????.



3. ??????????? ????? ?????? ????:
.. ??????????? ??????: ?????????? ????????? ???? ???? ???????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ????????????????????.
.. ??????????? ????????? ?????????: ??????????? ????????? ????????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????????? ???? ??????????? ????? ???????????? ????????????????????.
.. ??????? ???????: ?????????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ?????????????????????.
.. ?????? ????: ?????????? ???? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ?????????? ??????????? ????????????.
.. ??????????: ????????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ?????????????? ???? ???????? ???????????? ????????????????????.

4. ??????????? (???.?.???) ???????
?????????? - ??????????? (???.?.???) ????????? (0.8μm ~ 1μm) ?????????? ??? ??????????????? ????????? ??????, ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????????, ?????? ???.?.??? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??????????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????????????????;?
?????????? ??? ???, ???.?.??? ??????? ???????????????, ???? ???.?.??? ???????????????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????????? ????? ????? ????????????????;
?????????????:?
?????????????, ??.???.?.??? ??????????? ???????????? ?????????? - ??????????? ??????????? ?????? ????????, ??????????? ??????? ???, ????? ??????? ????????, ???? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ???????, ??? ???????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ????????????????????;?
??????? - ??????????? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ?????;


4. ??????? ??? ??????????? (SWIR)?
??????? ??? ??????????? (SWIR) ?????????? ??????? ???????, ?????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??????????????? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ??????????????? ?????????? ????????;?
???? ??????, ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ????????? SWIR ??????????? ???? ????????;?
??????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ????????? SWIR ???????????;?
???? ??????????? ??????? ????????, ???????? ????????? 500 ????? 3000 ?????? ????????? ??? ?????????. ???????? ????????? 500 ~ 3000 ??? ??????;?
?????????????:?
????, ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ????????? ??????????????;?
?????, ????????? ??????? ???? ????????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????????????;?
?????????? ???????????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ???????????;?
???????? ???????? ??????????????.


5. ???? ??? ??????????? (MWIR)?
????????:?
High sensitivity and resolution: Cooled detector with low noise, thermal sensitivity (NETD) <20mK, and excellent detail resolution;?
Strong atmospheric penetration: MWIR has high transmittance in specific atmospheric windows (e.g., 3-5 μm), and is suitable for long-distance observation because it is less affected by interference from fog, smoke and soot.
????????? - ????? ??? ??????????: LWIR ???? ?????????????, ?????? - ??? ????? ??????? ?????????????? ??????? ?????????????????, ??? ???? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? “????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????????????” ????????? ???????????.
????? ??????? ??????: ???? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ??????.
??????? ??????? ?????: ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????????? ?????????, 100 ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ????????.

???????????:?
???? ????????? ??????? ?????????: ??????????????? ??????????????????? ??? ?????????? ???????, ???????? ???????, ???? ?????????? ????????, ???? ??????? 5 - 10 ?????? ??????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ????????.
????? ???? ??????? ???? ???????: ????????? ??????? ??????? ??????????, ?????? ?????????????? ??????????? ?????????, ?????? ?????????????? ???? - ???????????? ????? ?????????????? - ???? (??????? ??? ??????????), ??? ??????? ??????????????????? ?????????????.
????????????? ?????????: ?????????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????, ?????? ??? ??????????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????? ????????????????? ??????????.
???????? ??????????: ????????? ???????? (?.??., ??? ?????????? ?????????????? ?????? 10,000 ????????) ??????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ??????????????, ??? ????????? ?????? ????????????.

?????????????:?
??????? ??????, ??????? ?????????, ????????????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????????????;?
?????? ????????????, ??????? ??????????? ????? ??????? ??????????? (?????????).


6. ????? ??? ??????????? (LWIR)?
????????:?
??????????? ??????????, ??????? ?????: ????????? ??????, ???? ?????????? ???????, ????? ????, ??????? ???, ????? ???? ??????????? ?????? ???????????.
????????????????? ??????? ????????: ????? ??????? ????? ????????? (- 40 ° C ~+85 ° C), ???? - ???????????? ????? ?????, ???????????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ?????, ??????? - ?????????, ????? ?????? ???????? ???????????? ??????.
??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????: ???? ??????? 1W ?????? ???????? ??????? (?.??. ???????? ???????????? ????? ??????? ?????), 100,000 ???????? ??? ????????? ????????, ????? ??????? ?????????? ????????.
????????? - ?????? ?????: ???? ??????? ???? ???????????? ?????????????????, ???? ??????? ?????? ?????????????? ?????? ????? (????? MWIR ? ??? ??????????), ???? ??????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????.

???????????:?
Low sensitivity: usually 30~50mK, lower than cooling type (<20mK), weak detail resolution, easy to overexpose high-temperature targets (need dynamic range adjustment).
Slow response speed: frame rate is usually ≤60Hz, not suitable for ultra-high-speed dynamic scenes (such as ballistic tracking).
??????????????? ???????????? ??????????: ?????? ????? ??? ???????????? ?????????? (????, ??????? ???????????? ???????), ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ?????????? ??????????? ????????.
????? ????????? ?????????????? ??????????: ???????? ?????????? (???? ??????, CO? ?????????? ????????) ????? ????????? (> 1 ??.??) ????? - ??? ?????????????? ???? ????????????????? ?????????????, ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? - ??? ??????????? ??? ???????? ??????.

?????????????:?
?????????: ????? ?????, ???? ????? ?????, ???????????? ????? ??????? ????? - ???, ???????? ????????? ????????, ??????????? ??????????, ?????? ???? ??????, ????????? ????? ??????? ??????.
????????: ?????? - ????? ???? ?????? ??????, ??????? - ????? ???? ??????????.